Solutions Cost Accounting Chapter Essay Example

Arrangements Cost Accounting Chapter Paper Request, requesting costs, conveying costs, and the buy request lead time are sure. Buying cost per unit is unaffected by the amount requested. No barbecues happen. Expenses of value and shrinkage costs are viewed as just to the degree that these costs influence requesting costs or conveying costs. 20-4 Costs remembered for the outdoors expenses of stock are steady expenses for such things as protection, lease, out of date quality, deterioration, and breakage in addition to the open door cost of capital (or required degree of profitability). 0-5 Examples of chance costs applicable to the EX. choice model yet ordinarily not recorded in bookkeeping frameworks are the accompanying: 1. The arrival renounced by putting capital in stock; 2. Lost commitment edge on existing deals when a Stockpot happens; ND 3. Lost commitment edge on potential future deals that won't be made to displeased clients. 20-6 The means in processing the expenses of a forecast blunder when utilizing the EX. choice model are: Step 1: Compute the money related result from the best move that could be made, given the real measure Of the cost input. Stage 2: Compute the money related result from the best activity dependent on the mistaken measure Of the anticipated cost input. Stage 3: Compute the distinction between the money related results from Steps 1 and 2. 20-1 20-7 Goal consistency issues emerge when there is an irregularity between the EX. choice model and the model utilized for assessing the presentation of the individual actualizing the model. For instance, if opportunity costs are overlooked in execution assessment, the chief might be initiated to buy in an amount bigger than the EX. model demonstrates is ideal, 20-8 without a moment to spare 01 T) buying is the buy to materials (or merchandise) so they are conveyed similarly varying for creation (or deals), Benefits incorporate lower stock property (marked down distribution center space required and less cash tied up in stock) and less danger of stock outdated nature and deterioration 20-9 Factors causing decreases in the cost o put in buy requests of materials are: 0 Companies are setting up since quite a while ago run buying understandings that characterize cost and quality terms over an all-encompassing period. D Companies are utilizing electronic connections, for example, the Internet, to put in buy requests. D Companies are expanding the utilization Of procurement request cards. 20-10 Disagree. Picking the provider Who Offers the most minimal cost Will not really br ing about the least all out buy cost to the purchaser. This is on the grounds that the cost or buy cost Of the products is just one-?and maybe, most Obvious component of cost related with buying and overseeing inventories. We will compose a custom paper test on Solutions Cost Accounting Chapter explicitly for you for just $16.38 $13.9/page Request now We will compose a custom paper test on Solutions Cost Accounting Chapter explicitly for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Recruit Writer We will compose a custom paper test on Solutions Cost Accounting Chapter explicitly for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Recruit Writer Other hoist cost things are requesting costs, conveying costs, Stockpot costs, quality expenses, and shrinkage costs. A minimal effort provider may well force conditions on the purchaser, ?for example, low quality, or continuous picnics, or exorbitantly high inventories-?that bring about high all out expenses of procurement, Buyers must inspect all the components of costs pertinent to stock administration, not simply the price tag. 20-11 Supply-chain examination depicts the progression of merchandise, administrations, and data from the underlying wellsprings of materials and administrations to the conveyance of items to customers, whether or not those exercises happen in the name organization or in different organizations. Sharing of data across organizations empowers a decrease in stock levels at all stages, less picnics at the retail level, diminished assembling of item not thusly requested by retailers, and a decrease in assisted assembling orders, 20-12 Just-in-time (JUJU creation is a - ?request pull fabricating framework that has the accompanying highlights: TTL Organize creation in assembling cells, Hire and hold laborers who are multi-gifted, C Aggressively seek after complete quality administration (TTS) to kill surrenders, I] Place accentuation on lessening both arrangement time and assembling process duration, and Carefully select providers who are equipped for conveying quality materials in an opportune way _ 20-13 Traditional ordinary and standard costing frameworks utilize successive following, in which diary passages are recorded in a similar request as genuine buys and progress underway, commonly at four diverse trigger focuses all the while. Oblique punctuation line costing discards recording a portion of the diary passages identifying with the cycle from acquisition of direct materials to offer of completed products, I. E. , it has less trigger focuses at which diary sections are made. At the point when diary sections for at least one phases in the cycle are excluded, 20-2 the diary passages for an ensuing stage utilize typical or standard expenses to work in reverse to - ?flush outlet the expenses in the cycle for which diary sections were not made. 20-14 Versions of oblique punctuation line costing vary in the number and arrangement to trigger focuses at which diary passages are made in the bookkeeping framework: Number of Journal Entry Trigger focuses 3 Version I Location in Cycle Where Journal Entries Made Stage A. Acquisition of direct materials and causing of change costs Stage C. Culmination of good completed units of item Stage D. Offer of completed merchandise Stage A Purchase of direct materials and bringing about of change costs Stage D. Offer of completed merchandise Stage C Completion of good completed units of item Stage D. Offer of completed merchandise Version 2 Version 3 20-15 Traditional bookkeeping frameworks cost singular items, and separate item costs from selling, general, and managerial costs, Lean bookkeeping costs the whole worth stream rather than singular items. Revamp costs, unused limit expenses, and regular costs that can't be sensibly doled out to esteem streams are barred from esteem stream costs. Furthermore, many lean tallying frameworks cost material costs the period they are bought, as opposed to putting away them on the accounting report until the items utilizing the material are sold. 20-16 (20 min,) Economic request amount for retailer. L. D = 10,000 shirts for every year, P = $200, C = $7 per pullover every year EX. C 2 DIP C 2 0 10 ,OHO O $200 = 75593 756 shirts 7 Number Of requests for every year = D 10,000 13. 221] 14 requests EX. 756 Demand each working day Purchase lead time Reorder point D 10,000 27. 40 pullovers for each day Number of working days 365 = 7 days = 27. 4007 = 191. 80 0 192 pullovers 20-3 20-17 (20 min,) Economic request amount, impact of boundary changes continuation of 20-16). 1. D = 10,000 pullovers for every year, P = $30, C = $7 per shirt every year EX. Sick 2 DIP C 10 ,OHO $30 292. 7 shirts [1 293 pullovers 7 The sizable decrease in requesting cost (from 5200 to $30 per buy request) has diminished the EX. from 756 to 293. 2. The AT proposition has the two upsides and drawbacks. The upside is possibly higher deals. FEB. clients may buy more online than it they need to genuinely visit a store. FEB. would likewise have lower managerial expenses and lower stock holding costs with the proposition. The drawback is that AT could catch Fibs clients. Rehash clients to the AT be site need not be delegated BP clients. Would need to set up enforceable guidelines to ensure it catches progressing incomes from clients it coordinates to the AP site. There is lacking data to decide if FEB. ought to acknowledge TATS proposition. Much relies upon whether FEB. sees AT as a tenable, - ?legitimate accomplice. 20-18 (15 min. ) EX. for a retailer. 1. D 26,awards every year, P $165, C-$9 = $1. 80 for each yard for every year EX. O 2 0 26, 400 C SASS 2 DIP 0 2, 200 yards C D 26, 400 C 0 12 requests for every year EX. 2, 200 Number of requests for every year: Demand each working day = 105. 60 yards for every day = 528 yards for each week (105. 0 x 5 = Error! 26, 400 = 250 days out of each week) Purchasing lead time = fourteen days Reorder point = 528 yards for every week [1 fourteen days = 1 ,056 yards 20-13 (20 min. ) EX. for maker. 1. Pertinent conveying costs per part every year: Required yearly degree of profitability 15% [l $60 Relevant protection, materials taking care of, breakage, and so forth. Alcoholics every year Relevant conveying costs per part every year $96$15 With D 18,000 sections for every year; P $150: C $15 per part every year, EX. for maker is: EDP 2 18,000 EX.= C 600 units C $15 2. Important yea rly = [ID [l Q [l requesting costs [l D 18 ,OHO C] ISIS D = 600 $4,500 where Q = 600 units, the EX.. 3. At the EX., complete pertinent requesting expenses and all out significant conveying costs will be actually equivalent Therefore, absolute applicable conveying costs at the EX. = $4,500 (from necessity 2). We can likewise affirm this with an immediate figuring: Q C Relevant yearly conveying costs [12 [I 600 ASS where Q = 600 units, the EX. 4 Purchase request lead time is a large portion of a month. Month to month request is 18,000 units * a year = 1,500 units for every month. Request down the middle a month is Error! ; 1,500 units or 750 units. Soluble should reorder when the stock Of rotor sharp edges tumbles to 750 units. 25 0 (20 min. ) Sensitivity Of EX. to changes in applicable requesting and conveying costs. 1. A clear way to deal with the necessity is to develop the accompanying table for EX. at pertinent conveying and requesting costs. Yearly interest is 10,000 units. The equation for the EX. model is: EDP DIP ICQ EX. = and for Relevant Total Costs (ROTC) C Q 2 where D request in units every year P applicable requesting costs per buy request C = important conveying expenses of one unit in stock for the timespan utilized for D (one year in this issue. Significant requesting costs per Purchase request (P) $400 $100 EX. = 2 010, 000 0 $400 0,000 C $400 895 C D 895, ROTC-D $8, 944 $10 8952 Relevant Carrying Costs for every Jinni per Y

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Paul Jobs was brought up in Germantown, Wisconsin and turned into a Coast Guard in World War II. He made a wager with his companions that he would have the option to discover a spouse inside about fourteen days. He met Clara Hagopian, who was conceived in New Jersey after her folks fled the Turks in Armenia, and the couple was locked in inside ten days. Clara understood that she was unable to have kids, so the wedded couple took a gander at appropriation (Issacson 28-29). Joanna Schieble was an alumni understudy at the University of Wisconsin. She lived inside an exacting family unit where her dad was incredibly severe about dating. When Joanna met Abdulfattah Jandali, a Muslim showing right hand from Syria, her dad took steps to repudiate her. She went with Abdulfattah to Syria and after two months when they returned, discovered she was pregnant. Keeping the child and fetus removal were not alternatives the couple considered. When Joanna discovered the supportive couple were Paul an d Clara Jobs, she made them guarantee that they would keep a school subsidize for the child. Steve Jobs was conceived on February 24th, 1955. After some hesitance, Joanna marked the selection papers and gave Steve Jobs to his unexperienced parents (Issacson 30-31). Steve Jobs knew since early on that he was received. A significant number of his dear companions accept that the mindfulness that he was surrendered as an infant made him into the autonomous individual he grew up to be (Issacson 32). Employments has said that he realizes individuals state that the motivation behind why he has buckled down was on the grounds that he needed his organic guardians to need him back, however Steve said that isn't accurate. (Issacson 33). Steve’s father is the individual that acquainted Steve with innovation. Paul chipped away at vehicles regularly, and in spite of the fact that Steve didn't care to get his hands messy, he cherished doing whatever he could to support h... ...nd Swainey). The understudies at this school likely have no clue about who Steve Jobs is, however he made their school be picked as one of the most developed in innovation on account of Jobs. Amy Heimerl is an instructors that works at Park Avenue Elementary School in Auburn, Maine. She works in a school locale that incorporates iPads in the study hall. Her class comprises of 22 understudies. She framed an individual learning experience for every understudy by putting a similar library of uses on each student’s iPad and afterward moved certain applications to each student’s envelope. The understudies have simple access to learning materials that assist them with advancing quicker. The iPad invigorated understudies to think exclusively and they were progressively well-suited to share what they realized with others (â€Å"See Inspiration†). Steve Jobs has changed the way the world uses innovation in regular daily existence.

The Outsider Essay Research Paper The Outsider free essay sample

The Outsider Essay, Research Paper The Foreigner Meursault is rebuffed, non for his offense of executing another person however for declining to play the game. This announcement is of incredible pertinence to the novel The Outsider, by Albert Camus. Society overall implements its musings and qualities, upon all people, however curiously on the individuals who vary from the standard . Through Meursault? s position of the universe, stood out from that of both the otherworldly and legal framework this impression is foregrounded. Meursault? s mindset on expire and passing is extremely unique to that of the greater part of individuals at the clasp. He was dispassionate and unresponsive to the perish of his female parent, something that was incredible and by no organizations worthy. ? I didn? T know whether I could smoke in forepart of female parent. I thoroughly considered it and chose it didn? Ts really matter. This is a legitimate train of thought for Meursault, he accepts that when you are dead, so you really are dead, so smoking or non smoking will do no distinction to the expired. We will compose a custom exposition test on The Outsider Essay Research Paper The Outsider or then again any comparative point explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page I likely cherished my female parent my female parent rather a cluster, however that didn? t mean anything. He acknowledges his female parent is dead, and that his adoration implies nil to her, actually, nil organizations anything to her. These contemplations were troubling blending to his social orders models and Euro-driven worth framework. He said that I hadn? T needed to see mother ; that I? nutrient D smoked, I? nutrient D dozed and I? nutrient D had some white java. What's more, I felt something working up the entire room ; for the principal cut I understood I was liable. This quote is a cardinal feature of the establishment precept in the novel. Meursault acknowledges, at that minute, that he is on test for killing a grown-up male, yet he will be discovered accountable of the charge non for killing an individual yet for the straightforward ground that he did non play social orders game at his female parent? s memorial service, in this manner he is blameworthy. The build of affection helps feature Meursault? s contrasts to the cultural standard and manufactures the base for the blameworthy finding of actuality and coming about punishment. She so needed to cognize in the event that I adored her. I answered as I had done one time as of now, that it didn? t mean anything other than that I likely didn? T. Meursault does non take either love, or marriage genuinely, in light of the fact that he accepts that they do non really check. Marie? s position, by the by, is oppositely contradicted to that of Meursault, as she, as a large portion of society, had faith in the profound and legal frameworks. She has confidence in affection and in all possibility some signifier of God. Essentially she adjusts to society, she obeys it and fits in . While Meursault is by no organizations an agnostic, he does what he needs, and believes and communicates these emotions as he wishes. Meursault is non rebuffed for fail to cherish Marie, however through the issue and treatment of adoration, the crowd can hang on how gigantically he varies from society, and that is the thing that Meursault is fundamentally rebuffed for. Meursault? s honestness is another feature that separates him from the rest of society. He is noteworthy about each bit of his life. While society does non back lie, individuals naturally do to abstain from being seen as abnormal. Meursault by and by does non care for social orders esteems and does non hold fast to them, for this ground he is noteworthy about everything. At that point he inquired as to whether he could express the I? nutrient D controlled my characteristic emotions that twenty-four hours. I stated, No, on the grounds that it? s non valid. ? He took a gander at me in an inquisitive way, as though he discovered me to some degree net excursion. In this quote Meursault answers with completely honestness, yet on the grounds that his answer is unsuitable by social orders models the lawyer is dismayed. Meursault does non play the game in any event, when confronted with a potential perish sentence, he is a victim to reality. For his total reasonableness, he is isolated from the general public in which he lives and appropriately rebuffed for it. Aspiration plays a significant capacity in numerous social orders and this quality is viewed as commendable for a person to hold. Meursault comes up short on this quality for two grounds, he lives carefully through his detects, on the off chance that he is cheerful in a specific topographic point so there is no ground to adjust and he accepts that nil undertakings, regardless of whether he does or doesn? Ts climb the Socio-financial stepping stool is of no significance to him. ? what's more, that I wasn? T at all disappointed with mine here. He looked troubled and said that I at any point sidestepped the request and that I had no desire. Society understands this as inactivity, yet Meursault is only expressing what he feels and the way that he has no desire doesn? Ts genuinely expect anything. Be that as it may, his idea varies from that of his general public and thusly he is rebuffed for different people groups? lack of trepidation. The main beginnings of all the political directions bing in Meursault? s society are the congregation and profound foundations. The considerations and qualities are defined by the congregation and implemented by the legal framework. It is normal that a grown-up male call at his female parent? s burial service and that he should encounter contrition for executing another person, individuals who do non stick to these viewpoints are esteemed non to hold a mind. He reported that I had no topographic point in the public arena whose most cardinal guidelines I overlooked, nor would I be able to do a plea to the Black Marias when I knew nil of the most essential human responses. This is a quote by the Public Prosecutor, both a profound and legitimate grown-up male. Through Meursault? s look of contemplations and sentiments, he is obviously fit for feeling and human natural bent, yet in light of the fact that he does non remain by the guidelines he is denounced by a general public, which fear s him, for his distinction. Meursault will not have confidence in God, he won't respect the prevailing political direction of his clasp, he will not play the game and for this he is rebuffed. Meursault was brought to test for executing another person, yet he was sentenced and rebuffed for declining to play the game. He did non hold fast to the guidelines nor did he try to adjust himself to all the more likely suit the universe where he lived. As the officer stated, and fundamentally, in social orders eyes he was Mr. Antichrist and for this he was sentenced to expire.

Lack Of Realism in Shakespeares Plays free essay sample

Looks at legend, sentimentalism unreasonable highlights of plots, settings characters from current basic point of view. The motivation behind this exploration is to analyze the association between the alleged absence of authenticity in Shakespearean plot, setting, and portrayal, and the clear trouble that cutting edge perusers of Shakespeare experience with the content accordingly. The arrangement of the exploration will be to presented the bases on which such an association might be attested, and afterward to talk about, regarding chosen plays, how such challenges can be comprehended and maybe survive. The absence of authenticity of A Midsummer Nights Dream is evident to the point that it appears to be unnecessary to make reference to it. The setting is as far as anyone knows antiquated Athens, however this isn't the Athens of history, for the looming marriage of two legendary characters, Theseus and Hippolyta, is the foreseen event. Probably genuine characters, the youthful darlings and their folks, are in peril

Alcohol in Our Society; Huxley’s View in Relation to Brave New World Es

Liquor in Our Society; Huxley’s View in Relation to Brave New World Aldous Huxley’s Brave New World is a sci-fi book that catches both the great and awful sides of cloning and large scale manufacturing of people through science. Huxley’s book, distributed in 1932, passes on his very much created and shockingly precise thoughts regarding human conduct in what was then the inaccessible future. Likewise, his composing estimates the limit with regards to which people can fixate on having an ideal society, yet additionally having absolute command over everybody and everything in reality as we know it where nothing is wild and untamed. Independence is viewed as a reason for unsteadiness, and society completely is separated into five standings. For the individuals of the â€Å"World State†, life depends on quick joy and consistent bliss; sex and the utilization of the medication soma are a significant piece of each person’s life. The utilization of soma is so predominant in the World State that no different medications are ever utilized by anybody. It is the solution for everything and the enhancement to bliss. Here and there, it is conceivable to state that soma is utilized in a manner that could attract correlations with the utilization of liquor the general public known to people today. On a few events in the book, significant characters show their utilization soma as an approach to escape from cruel or awkward emotions, or to additionally upgrade their social exercises. In one such case, Lenina and Henry take a few dosages of the medication while out on the town (Huxley, 75). The utilization of soma, in this occasion, makes the two become somewhat negligent of what's going on around them, and in the long run prompts them taking part in sex. In this sense, it can without much of a stretch be perceived how soma is utilized likewise as liquor; individuals use I... ...ohol turned into an occurrence of how soma could be viewed as a decent option in contrast to liquor. Linda’s uncontrolled drinking, in any case, came because of her molding and utilization of soma when she was an inhabitant of the World State. Therefore, it very well may be contended that everybody from the World State is an abuser of soma in that the individual in question utilizes it to escape from everything without exception, like the way Linda utilizes liquor to get away from before and her child. Huxley is obviously utilizing soma to say something about society all in all, how individuals use liquor and different medications as a break and partner them with joy and fun. It is clear from his composing that he accepts that a general public, which is so aim on guilty pleasure and believes this to be â€Å"High Life†, is really a startling idea and worth contrasting such a world with our own. (www.grlzontop.com/bnw/index2.html)

MBA Math Monday Balance Sheet Transactions

The Monday MBA Math series helps prospective MBA students to self assess their proficiency with the quantitative building blocks of the MBA first year curriculum. The first MBA Math accounting exercise explained that balance sheets provide a snapshot of a firms financial condition at a moment in time, with balance referring to the equality between the left sides assets and the right sides combination of liabilities and equity. This exercise introduces transactions as the means by which the balance sheet changes over time. As long as the balance sheet equation (assets = liabilities + equity) is maintained for each transaction then the new balance sheet that results from a large sequence of transactions will remain in balance. This exercise introduces the proper treatment of a few standard transactions at the level of the balance sheet equation. The full MBA Math course continues deeper into allocation of transactions to specific balance sheet accounts. Internalizing the concepts and handling of standard transactions will help students to be ready for the more complex issues of proper revenue recognition and expense matching of accrual accounting that they will encounter in their MBA coursework. Spending time in the accounting trenches working with transactions is critical to developing an informed understanding of the financial statements that MBAs will analyze in their classes and careers. In a business climate punctuated with outrage over accounting tricks and scandals, it pays to start early to understand accounting from the ground up. Exercise: Evaluate each of the following transactions in terms of their effect on assets, liabilities, and equity. 1. Buy $17,000 worth of manufacturing supplies on credit2. Issue $90,000 in stock3. Receive payment of $10,000 owed by a customer4. Purchase equipment for $46,000 in cash What is the net change in Total Assets? Solution (with audio commentary): click here Prof. Peter Regan created the self-paced, online MBA Math quantitative skills course and teaches live MBA courses at Dartmouth (Tuck), Duke (Fuqua), and Cornell (Johnson).

A Review of Persuasive Essay Topics 5th Graders

A Review of Persuasive Essay Topics 5th Graders Persuasive Essay Topics 5th Graders at a Glance If nobody knows the way to write or read cursive handwriting, the shape of communication is going to be lost, some believe. You do not need to be formal when writing your thoughts. There's a rotation at school, and it's your choice and your class to develop a lunch menu for the week. The most frequently encountered paper writing service that the vast majority of our clients require is essay writing. Try to remember, whatever you select will have a significant effect on the total consequence of your article. Citations and extracts from several sources have to be formatted properly. A broad subject always seems simpler to write about as it is possible to discover a lot of materials about it. The cost of an essay depends upon the total amount of effort the writer has to exert. If you discover that the writer did not provide precisely what you expected, request a revision, and we'll make the corrections. Our qualified academic experts will aid you in finding an ideal persuasive essay topic according to all of your requirements and compose a custom-tailored model answer. When you inform us about all of the paper information, we'll begin trying to find an ideal writer for your paper. Adoption ought to be encouraged. Choosing Persuasive Speech Topics A persuasive speech cannot be effective in the event the speaker chooses the incorrect topic. Abortion needs to be considered illegal. Immigration ought to be limited. Your work is to choose whether or not there ought to be a particular age when kids are given access to a smartphone. For instance, if you're writing about the subject about elite athletes, you could argue that Michael Jordan is an elite athlete on account of the skills he has. To make sure that you will locate a complete answer to every question, we've got a support team that is always online. Finding the subject of your interest can help you work harder on your project and show your style in the simplest way possible. Though people believe education is a correct and will make society, overall, a better place for everybody, others feel there's no legitimate method to provide a free college education as colleges would still must be funded (likely through tax dollars). Personal colleges are far better than state colleges. All students need to have a year studying abroad. Therefore, many students and employees decide to acquire affordable essay rather than writing it themselves. The voting age should be lowered. The legal drinking age should be raised. Parents should speak to kids about drugs at a youthful age. Some feel parents ought to be allowed to provide permission for their minor children to have tattoos, since they ar e making the decision for their own children. Getting the Best Persuasive Essay Topics 5th Graders Freedom of choice is excellent. Then you already understand what your topic ought to be. Still, you need to make your topic more specific. Define the key points that you would like to get across and set them in a persuasive topic. Target Audience Now you have your list of ideas, it is the right time to pick which subject would fit your audience. Time is additionally a very important point of consideration in any form of speech. Once you're able to narrow your audience, reflect in their views you are now able to select your topic. When you sit down to compose a speech, but you don't understand what topic to select, that may be an issue. If you're writing a persuasive speech, and let's say you have lots of freedom to settle on a topic. Get the Scoop on Persuasive Essay Topics 5th Graders Before You're Too Late Parents of bullies should need to pay a fine. Teens ought to be able to pick their bedtime. They should be required to take parenting classes. The One Thing to Do for Persuasive Essay Topics 5th Graders There isn't any question about attempting to convince anyone here. When you're permitted to write about whatever you want, never rely on a person's thoughts about the subject you like as a pivotal criterion for your choice. It's important to understand that essay topics are just basic ideas that leave you pondering a notion that might be a huge deal to somebody else. The very first thing you n eed to realize searching for an ideal topic is that your opinion is the thing that matters the most. Silent letters in words ought to be removed. Prostitution ought to be legalized. Doing this, you'll certainly find your ideal essay title easily and faster. Animals ought to be equal to humans.

Essay on Nature vs. Nurture in Blood Brothers - 791 Words

Nature vs. Nurture in Blood Brothers As the play goes on, it becomes more and more apparent that Willie Russell believes that nurture has a lot more to do with the outcome of someone that nature. He presents this by splitting two twins at birth and tells of how they were brought up in very different ways, one in a rich and posh family, Eddie, and one in a big, poor family, Mickey. He does not go into any detail about how exactly they are brought up, however, it is quite clear that Eddie has been to a private school and has had a lot of attention in the first seven years of his life. On the other hand, Mickey appears to have not received much attention and would almost definitely have gone to a poor school. When they meet,†¦show more content†¦You say smashing things, don’t you?† Mickey says things like pissed off and he later says ‘the F word’. He doesn’t know what they mean but has probably heard them being said around the house or estate by older people who he wants to be like. Eddie obviously hasn’t heard words like this before as he was brought up in a well-spoken family and environment and compared to Mickey has had very little taste of the outside world. He also says words like smashing which you would never hear Mickey say. He’d probably say something like great or any much simpler word and when he’s older he would probably swear somewhere in the sentence. Their accent obviously isn’t heard but it is extremely likely that Mickey has a broad Scouse accent whereas Eddie probably has a normal slightly posh accent. Mickey is a lot less educated than Eddie is. This has much to do with the wealth of their parents and the time that they have for their child. Mickey is the last of 8 children in total, so he will have had a lot less time with his mum in a single parent family. â€Å"With seven hungry mouths to feed and one more nearly due.† Eddie looks up words that he doesn’t know in a dictionary. Just after Mickey tel ls him the F word he says â€Å"Fantastic. When I get home I shall look that up in the dictionary†. Mickey responds with â€Å"In the what?† This highlights the difference in intelligence between them. Eddie knows what a dictionary is and also how to use it andShow MoreRelated Nature vs Nurture Essay556 Words   |  3 PagesNature vs Nurture What makes a woman a woman and a man a man? Are we who we are because we are raised differently from others? Many of our physical traits such as gender, skin colour and blood group are rather straightforward in that they are directly attributed to our genes which have been mapped out in recent years. However, certain human traits remains a biological mystery. These traits have been studied on the outside but whose inside origins remain unclear. Such mysterious traits canRead MoreThe Murder Of The Clutter Family1135 Words   |  5 Pagesthe course of six years bringing this narrative together, Capote began taking drugs and drinking heavily due to the dark nature of the book. 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Individuals are very entertained for one reason or another by these types of shows. There have been many discussions, debates and research studies done particularly pertaining to the question â€Å"What causes someone to become a serial killer?† Psychologists, criminologists and scientists agree that the Nature nurture debate is the mostRead MoreGraduation Speech : Honors And Integrity Statement1555 Words   |  7 Pages BLOOD SPEAKS ITSELF A Genogram Paper Honors and Integrity Statement I certify that this Genogram Paper is my own written work and that I have not copied from any other student, text or source in a manner that would violate the rules of plagiarism outlined by Nursing 7 and San Joaquin Delta College. I realize that a violation of the rules of plagiarism will result in a course failure and possible dismissal from the college. 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Many believe that the nurture theory is the likely concept to believe; that serial killers are created from bad childhood experiences including being abused by their parents, or molested at an earlyRead MoreCorrelations between Creativity and Mental Illness Essay1604 Words   |  7 Pagesmost fascinating challenges of contemporary neuroscience. The capacity to be creative, to produce new concepts, ideas, inventions, objects or art, is perhaps the most important attribute of the human brain. We know very little, however, about the nature of creativity or its neural basis. Some important questions include: how should we define creativity? How is it related (or unrelated) to high intelligence? What psychological processes or environme ntal circumstance cause creative insights to occurRead MoreEssay about Identical Twins1383 Words   |  6 PagesPhysical traits, habits, and psychological similarities. With having similarities twins have also been known to have just as many differences, some would include how they were brought up and what kind of environment they were brought up in or Nature VS. Nurture. Epigenetic differences to include inherited genes such as schizophrenia or autism. When having twins you are at a higher risk for birth or development complications lower birth weight for the twins or the twins at risk for prematurity. Twin

Argumentative Essay About Makeup - 1125 Words

Throughout time the world’s perception of makeup has always been seen as a way for women to enhance their facial features, a way to feel more accepted into society, and as a way to gain the attention of another individual. Society has set specific standards that women and only women can wear makeup. Although in theater productions it was socially acceptable for men to paint their faces, it was not encouraged that men use their cosmetic abilities outside of performances. Many cultures have drilled the idea into their son’s heads that they cannot wear or play with makeup because they would lose their masculinity. Applying makeup was never seen as a way of self expression, but that a womans natural beauty wasn’t good enough and that her†¦show more content†¦It was not only till the Nineteenth century where makeup became gender inclusive to society and became a women dominated industry. As the years progressed society was conditioned to think that makeup wa s made for women. Outside ancient Egypt women had done above and beyond to enhance their beauty to become better suited for a mate or to be considered beautiful. Before makeup was even introduced to world, women went to the extremes of using burnt matches to darken their eyes, using berries to stain there cheeks and lips, and even swallow oxblood to improve overall complexion. And if it wasn’t for the help of social media, men would still be struggling to this day to get the cosmetic recognition that they deserve. Gender roles has always created social boundaries for not only men but for women as well.Women have also dealt with the hardship of trying to be accepted in a society. Since the nineteenth th century restraints of not being able to vote, or work has carried on to the Twentieth century. Women are taken seriously when it comes to sports or having physical strength. Till this day women are making less on their paychecks compared to men. Both genders have their disadvan tages and both deal with trying to break the labels that have been created. A new societal culture is happening and regardless of gender the traditional constraints that have been created it is becoming less significant in not only theShow MoreRelatedDrug Addiction Argumentative Essay977 Words   |  4 PagesNatalee Sweet Comp. #1 Mr. Yates 7-22-2012 Argumentative Essay: Addiction is a choice Alcohol and illicit drug consumption are all too prevalent today in high schools, colleges, and all across the globe. Students seeking to fit in or forget about the repetitiveness of school and homework have a tendency to experiment. Drug addiction is known by the scientific community to be a psychological condition based on excessive, obsessive, and compulsive actions. Once that regular user crosses theRead MoreArgumentative Essay On Abortion1304 Words   |  6 PagesIn this argumentative essay I would like you, the reader to consider a public issue from my perspective and my belief system on the matter. I’ll be supporting my view on a common and overlooked procedure conducted by women and medical doctors within a walk in clinic and home. This procedure is known as an Abortion, also known as a voluntary abortion. The definition provided by Dictionary.com is  Ã¢â‚¬Å"the removal of an embryo or fetus from the uterus in order to end a pregnancy.† There have been manyRead MoreAnimal Testing And Its Morality1283 Words   |  6 PagesARGUMENTATIVE ESSAY Every year in the United States of America more than 100 million helpless animals will suffer and die from malicious chemical, drug, food, and cosmetics tests. Rabbits, Cats, birds, reptiles and amphibians are not covered by the minimal protections of the Animal Welfare Act, so they go unnoticed towards the millions of sufferers. Millions of rodents, birds, rabbits, primates, felines, canines, and other types of animals are locked inside barren cages in laboratories acrossRead MoreThe Pop Star Of Hip Hop Sensation1150 Words   |  5 Pagesstatements about female independency, beauty norms and female sexuality. Lady Gaga is a pop star but she also calls herself as a performance artist. She emphasizes and cherishes the visual images and costumes on stage. This essay’s focus on Nicki Minaj and Lady Gaga’s characteristic that they both are feminist pop star. They look at things from the perspective of progressive women and express in their own ways. Their colours arenâ⠂¬â„¢t one off its commonly seen in their oeuvres. In particular this essay willRead MoreTexting and Driving: Grounds for Jailtime Essay867 Words   |  4 Pages Argumentative essay Where has technology taken us that even while driving people have to be texting? Although texting while driving has become a disaster for many families and killed many people’s lives, it was first seen as a great way to communicate when driving. Over the years humans have adapted to doing many things that we see everything normal and do not stop for a second to realize that it can harm us or others. Most people don’t realize that it only takes three seconds of distraction forRead MoreSave Animals. Say No to Animal Testing!1390 Words   |  6 PagesArgumentative essay: Save animals. Say no to animal testing! Nowadays, it is a well-known fact that many companies test their products like cosmetics and medicines with animals before production to check their products ’safety and quality. A huge amount of animals are used in research purpose every year. Is it right for human beings to sacrifice millions of animals for testing purpose? Should animal testing be banned? Animal testing is a controversial issue and there is a heated debated about prosRead MoreJust Like Us1218 Words   |  5 PagesArgumentative Essay about Helen Thorpe’s Just Like Us Just Like Us by Helen Thorpe is â€Å"The True Story of Four Mexican Girls Coming of Age in America.† The story revolves around four high school students; Marisela who is a gaudy, driven, dramatic girl who wears â€Å"twice as much makeup as anybody else in her circle.†(8) Yadira who is a strong and reserved girl who â€Å"never gave away anything important with her facial expressions.†(8) Elissa is a star athlete and Clara usually dresses like a tomboy.Read MoreGender Selection Through Prenatal Diagnosis and Abortion1440 Words   |  6 PagesIn today’s day and age there are new forms of technology being developed to accomplish just about any task and make any sort of wish possible. With this being said many human beings throw caution to the wind and decide to take action on their every want and need. When it comes to the process of procreating and bringing a child into this world parents can find themselves hoping and wishing for one gender over anothe r. In order to ensure that the gender they want is what they get parents can go throughRead MoreAnimal Cloning Essay2148 Words   |  9 PagesFinal Essay: Multiple Sources, Research Based Argumentative Essay Animal Cloning: Beneficial to Humans Today’s technology develops so quickly that many impossible things become true; the example is cloning technology. Cloning is a process used to create an exact copy of a mammal by using the complete genetic material of a regular body cell. Different from the common propagate, cloning needs only one cell and without sex. Cloning, as of recent years, has become a very controversial issue in societyRead MoreOutline Of A Thesis Statement3601 Words   |  15 PagesThesis / Claim Station: Your claim or thesis statement is the most important part of your argumentative essay. It is the sentence where you state your main argument and outline how you will prove it. There are many ways to structure a thesis statement, but we will work on one specific model: counter-claim-reasons (CCR). Here is an example: Although surveillance cameras may be expensive, schools should install them because they increase safety, reduce vandalism, and keep both teachers and students

Code-Switching Annotated Bibliography - 932 Words

Wonguk Cho SLS 380 Annotated Bibliography Garcà ­a, O. (2008). Bilingual education in the 21st century. (1st ed., Vol. 1, pp. 42-71). Chichest, England: Wiley-Blackwell. This chapter of the book deals with translanguaging, which is an approach to explain bilingualism where speakers switch from one language to another. The author thinks bilingualism is not the simple sum of a language and another language, but more complicated ability that is involved in a complex processing of human brain. Moreover, she saw code-switching as an actuality or evidence of procedure of bilingualism. At first, she refers to there are two types of code-switching; intrasentential and intersentential. Intrasentential occurs in boundaries of a clause or a†¦show more content†¦The two languages involved can then be interchanged freely. This journal provides a strong grammatical notion of code-switching. With the grammatical view, I may analyze the data in a view of linguistic aspect whether or not the syntactic rules can be applied to my conversation data. I believe I can make my analysis abundant with this journal article with those grammatical inspections. Mati, X. (2004, August). In Hanlie Rossinger (Chair). Using code switching as a strategy for bilingual education in the classroom. Paper presented at the Aeaa conference, Pretoria, South Africa. Retrieved from http://www.hsrc.ac.za/Research_Publication-18411.phtml The author describes how bilingual speaker can get benefit in academic achievement. She believes that bilingual speakers who are allowed to code switch can convey their knowledge of subject matter to their interlocutors better. Also, she mentioned about language barrier, which makes the language learners suffer. As a result of the data analysis, it manifested children did not hesitate in their conversations or become blocked due to language barrier. With this idea, I want to highlight how my research participants can switch languagesShow MoreRelatedFactors Behind The Variations Of Language Use Among Adults859 Words   |  4 PagesResearch question: What are the factors behind the variations of language use among adults in Lebanon? Annotated Bibliography Bhatia, T. Ritchie W. (June 9, 2008). The Handbook of Bilingualism. John Wiley Sons. This book offers a full guide to understanding the bilingualism phenomenon. It analyses it from a cognitive perspective, as well as its different types such as code switching and code mixing. This book will help me analyze my data on the level of the different types and motivations ofRead MoreOrganizational Theory Integrative Term Project: Concepts and Applications8159 Words   |  33 PagesOrganizational Theory: Concepts and Applications Andrea F. Bass Columbia College Annotated Bibliography Aslam, H. D., Javaid, T., Tanveer, A., Khan, M., amp; Shabbir, F. (2011). A Journey from Individual to Organizational Learning (Exploring the Linking Bridge: Team Learning). International Journal of Academic Research, 3(3), 738-745. The article addresses the need to adopt knowledge retention initiatives and continuous learning commitments amidst the challenges in today’s business environmentRead MoreQuality Improvement328284 Words   |  1314 Pagesthe field. It is available at www.wiley.com/college/montgomery. Student Resource Manual The text contains answers to most of the odd-numbered exercises. A Student Resource Manual is available from John Wiley Sons that presents comprehensive annotated solutions to these same odd-numbered problems. This is an excellent study aid that many text users will find extremely helpful. The Student Resource Manual may be ordered in a set with the text or purchased separately. Contact your local Wiley representativeRead MoreLibrary Management204752 Words   |  820 PagesProfessional . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 351 Problematic Ethical Situations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 353 Tools for Ethical Decision Making . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 355 Normative Ethical Frameworks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 355 Codes of Ethics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 357 Other Frameworks for Ethical Decision Making . . . . . 357 Ethics Training . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 359 Guidelines for Mangers to Promote EthicalRea d MoreContemporary Issues in Management Accounting211377 Words   |  846 Pagesto understand better their contribution to the Wrm’s overall proWtability. The motivation for inducing this mindset change was primarily driven by the observation that general Kaizen costing systems tended to lose their eVectiveness over time. By switching from a cost to a proWt perspective and by operating in a bottom-up as opposed to a topdown manner, the functional group management system helped revitalize Olympus Optical’s general Kaizen costing system. By Wnding ways to increase their output levels

Zaras Case Study - 1373 Words

1. What is Zara’s value Proposition? How does it differ from its Competitors? â€Å"Zara has pioneered leading-edge fashion clothes for budget minded young adults through a tightly integrated vertical structure that cuts delivery time between a garment’s design and retail delivery to under three weeks (against the industry norm of three to six months)† (Grant, 2010, p.212) According to Clayton Christensen in order to process you Value Proposition you must look at the following (Harvard Business Review) Zara’s value proposition is that it offers its customers cutting edge fashion at very affordable prices. It actively seeks out what styles are â€Å"hot† in the fashion world. After Zara has identified the latest trend it can have the†¦show more content†¦4. Marketing amp; Sales: Zara broad offering meets its customer’s demands quickly. This is due to management’s almost instantaneous response to changes in customers’ needs (Ghemawat et al, 2006). Zara’s prices consider the cost of exporting and market conditions of the store’s location (D’Andrea et al, 2003) instead of the traditional application a cost plus margin. Zaras inventory turnover is higher than their direct competition (at 10.67% versus Hamp;M at 6.84%) (D’Andrea et al, 2003). Constantly changing stock encourages sales and increase the average visits to stores per customer (Kotler et al, 2009). 5. Service: Traditional supply chains take a supplier centric/push view with a focus on what a business is trying to sell rather than a focus on customer’s demands (Kotler et al, 2009). Zara’s supply chain adopts a vertical structure which is mainly demand driven with cycle times being kept to a minimum which allows information to be acted upon quickly (Grant, 2011). Zara’s Supporting Activities (4) 1. Infrastructure Zara IT supports the interaction between the different departments throughout the entire company. 2. Human Resource Management (HRM) Zara focus on HRM is evident in their hiring of newly graduated designers with fresh ideas and energy from the local areas. 3. Technology HighlyShow MoreRelatedZaras supply chain: Case Study3833 Words   |  16 Pagesthe customer changes in clothing industry. Literatures review – The key success factors of the clothing industry are explained. Also the supply chain concepts related to the industry are developed (Agility, Quick Response and Lean) Analysis of Zara’s supply chain – The supply chain network of the company is analysed and each stage of the network is developed in details to see how the supply concepts are applied or not by the leader of the clothing industry (Zara) Future developments – The companyRead MoreCase Study : Zaras Success1299 Words   |  6 Pageseach day and known as one of the fastest growing fashion retailers in Europe. Zara’s entire business operations, designing, sourcing, manufacturing, distribution process and retailing, it gained a couple of successful factors that include: a short cycle time, small batches per product, extensive variety of product every season and heavy investment in information and technology. These elements feature in every aspect of Zara’s business activities and led to its successful operations. As other retailersRead MoreZara case study Essay2280 Words   |  10 Pagesï » ¿Coursework Header Sheet 209896-18 Course OPER1027: Operations Mngt: Proc/Value Ch Course School/Level BU/UG Coursework Case Study 1 Assessment Weight 25.00% Tutor J Whiteley Submission Deadline 25/11/2013 Coursework is receipted on the understanding that it is the students own work and that it has not, in whole or part, been presented elsewhere for assessment. Where material has been used from other sources it has been properly acknowledged in accordance with the UniversitysRead MoreEssay on The Fashion Industry: Zara1467 Words   |  6 Pagesthe needs of consumers while trying to acquire major merchandize turnover to retailers than local rivals. The Zara case study reported sales $8.15 billion to its competitors Hennes Mauritz 0f $7.87 billion (Dutta, 2002). This was the consumer’s one stop shop due to the quality products offered both globally and locally. This paper will focus on the fashion trend of the Zara case study. The paper will look at the varied roles that consumers play in the market and how the alter the market. From thisRead MoreHow Zara Generates Sustainable Competitive Advantage1680 Words   |  7 Pagesimmobility which states that it may be costly for firms without specific resources to acquire of develop them. (Barney, J 1991) Zara’s Core competencies Procurement Vertical Integrated Manufacturing As a result of vertical integration manufacturing and a dedicated in-house design team, Zara was able to originate a design and have finished goods in stores within 4-5 weeks in the case of entirely new designs, and two weeks for modification of existing products. In contrast, the tradition industry model mightRead MoreThe Marketing Strategy Of Zara1394 Words   |  6 Pagesmarketing strategy and brand development strategies of Zara. Company Background Zara is a Spanish chain store of Inditex Group, one of the world’s biggest retail store in the world. Founded by Amancio Ortega in 1975 in Spain, where its still home of Zara’s headquarters today. Its strategic marketing model has helped the company to grow to its current 2000 stores distributed across 88 countries of the world (Inditex, 2015). For its Australian debut in 2011, Zara opened a giant three level Sydney storeRead MoreFast Fashion Industry: Growth of Zara and Inditex Essay1532 Words   |  7 Pagesdistinguished for a fast fashion approach is Zara (Hayes Jones, 2006). Zara is a child company of the parent company Inditex. Zara stores have established the stride for merchants around the globe in creating and shipping fashionable clothing (â€Å"Case 3-4. Continued Growth for Zara and Inditex†, 2013). Their marketing approach has helped them become extremely successful in terms of providing the customer with. International marketing strategies and its efficiency assists in the expansion of ZaraRead MoreZara s Supply Chain Of Zara1300 Words   |  6 PagesZara’s Supply Chain Zara is characterized by its unique and rapid-fire supply chain that is governed by the vertically integrated system that links their shops, designers, and distribution system. The key players in this system are the wholesalers and retailers, so controlling the activities of those mark the success of the business. Zara’s system is so integrated that makes it hard for other competitors to nail the starting point of a similar product. In the Design Phase, 300 professional designersRead MoreZara Case Study : The Resource Based View1588 Words   |  7 PagesZARA Case Study Introduction The case study is upon on the resource based view. First, the firm resources were divided into three major parts: tangible resource, intangible resource and human resource as Grant suggested. The main body of the essay will also be divided into three parts according to the resource classification. Then, a VRIN test would be carried after listing different types of resources to inspect whether they are able to provide a sustainable competitive advantage for Zara. FinallyRead MoreZara Pos System Case Study Essay1324 Words   |  6 PagesCase Study: Zara: IT for Fashion Background Zara, high fashion clothing producer and retailer, opened its first store in Galicia, Spain in 1975, and by 2003, had grown to 550 stores worldwide. Zara is the largest holding of its mother company, Inditex, and is evaluating whether to invest in modernizing its IT infrastructure, specifically its in-store Point-of-Sale (POS) terminals which are running a DOS Operating System that is now EOL. Business Model Zara has a unique and very effective business

Early English Law free essay sample

Early English law sought not only to deter crime and immoral behaviour but to exert social control, particularly over the lesser mortals, nothing changes. Crimes committed in early England are not much different to the crimes committed today, although the punishments given are very different. Our methods today for punishment no longer use barbaric methods such as hanging, stoning, burning, drowning, decapitation and the breaking of the neck for serious crimes nor do we amputate , blind, scalp and brand for the lesser crimes committed. Instead we send offenders to prison for the serious crimes and fine/community service for the lesser crimes committed. Abduction, murder, rape, robbery, damage to property and assault are still punishable today but adultery and slaves are no longer offences due to society changes. To exert social control early English law stated â€Å"any person who tried to escape pursuit or to act in self-defence could be cut down irrespective of the magnitude of the suspected offence or the age or sex of the suspected offender† this can be said for today if a suspect were to run from a crime. We will write a custom essay sample on Early English Law or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page In Aethelbert’s codes that all men were not equal before the law, and even less so in the case of women does not extend to today as far as the law is today, all men and women are equal regardless of colour, race, age or gender. Early English law did not have prisons and fines were determined by social status, the higher up the person was the less they had to pay. The king did not have the expense in maintaining prisons as as far as he was concerned compensation rather than incarceration was eminently satisfactory method of dealing with crime. Substantial proportion of fines and confiscations were claimed by him, crime did pay as far as the crown was concerned. Today, fines could not be considered for crimes such as rape and murder. Another method of early English law social control was that of hanging, stoning, burning, drowning, decapitation and the breaking of the neck these would be done in public and people would come to watch the executions. Also, mutilation of limbs carried scars and offenders would have to live with this for the rest of their lives. This helped to exert social control as the executions and mutilations would act as a deterrent in that no one would want this to happen to them. None of these methods are done today. It is clear to see that there are no real comparisons to early English law and the law today. Today we have prisons and use fines to exert social control. We no longer use barbaric methods to enforce the law. Sentencing, fines and community service today should be enough to discourage from people offending although in all societies offences do happen as they did back in early England but today we tend to help the offenders by counselling, fining and giving back to the community as in community services, whereas early England the punishments were grotesque. Death, mutilation and maiming were acceptable methods of punishments and social control.

Made of Semiconductors

Question: Discuss about the Made of Semiconductors ? Answer : Introduction Normal processors can generally perform operations on operands more efficiently as compared to main memories located within computers. However, this outcome does not mean that large capacity memories cannot perform operations in similar fashions as processors. In fact, memories (made of semiconductors) can perform at high speeds compared to normal processors, however, the cost implications for their performance is much too high hence the choice of processors. Moreover, for operand operations, main memories must be fitted with semiconductor components that work at high speeds which again increases the cost even further. Therefore, to bridge the gap between high-speed processors and main memories, a memory block(s) known as cache are fitted between the processors and the main memories (UMD, 2001). Cache memory is, therefore, a high-speed memory that bridges the gap developed between the variations in processor and main memory speeds. Furthermore, the same facility is used to store addresses that are frequently used by the main memory. In general, the overall idea behind cache memory is similar to that of virtual memories where some portions of the main memory (which acts at low speeds) are stored within a high-speed location (cache) in duplicate format. This outcome leads to an efficient system that will always pass memory requests to the cache memory before escalating them to the main memory (UMD, 2001). Consider an example where an application request a certain arithmetic operation, this request is first passed to the cache memory if the necessary operands and addresses are available the cache executes this operation. However, if it fails to respond, the operation is forwarded to the main memory (Dandamudi, 2003). Nevertheless, cache memories should never be confused with virtual memories as they have high speeds requirements as compared to virtual memories. However, they both depend on the correlation of address references which means their differences stem from implementation procedures. Cache Memorys Major Components Memory Components Cache memory avails frequently used data to the processors, this functionality is achieved through its building blocks that develop small memory sections known as the primary cache (Level 1 cache). Primary cache is built within the processor such as the central processing unit (CPU) having a small memory size typically within the range of 2 kilobytes to 64 kilobytes. In addition to the primary cache, the secondary cache (Level 2 cache) is then developed within a memory location located in close proximities to the CPU. On most occasions, the level 2 cache is hosted within a memory card but will have a direct connection to the processor. Furthermore, the use of level 2 cache is normally regulated by the L2 controller a specific circuit found on the motherboard of a computer. Moreover, its size (level 2 cache) will range between 256 KB to 2MB depending on the processor's size (Nicolast, 2011). In addition to these levels is the Level 3 cache that is typically used to improve the overall performance of level 1 and level 2 caches. In general, level 3 caches are specialised memory locations that are significantly slower to level 1 and 2 caches. However, as compared to other memory locations they are significantly faster, for instance, they are known to have double the speeds of random access memory (RAM). Moreover, most modern multi-processor computers will have L1 and L2 caches within each processor core but will have a common L3 cache shared amongst the processors. Furthermore, because its meant to improve operations, any instruction directed to it is automatically elevated to a higher tier i.e. L1 or L2 cache (Rouse, 2017). Fig: Three level cache configuration Specialised Cache Although level 3 cache can be defined as a specialised cache, other caches that perform other operations other than data and instruction cache exist and hold this name. TLB (Translation look side buffer) for instance records both virtual and physical addresses allowing for translation to take place. Moreover, other caches like the disk cache leverage on the functionalities of the RAM and flash memory to offer same services as data caching but at different locations. Cache organisation and Configurations Several methods can be used to store data within the cache memory, these methods govern the internal structure of the memory locations. Moreover, the processor uses these structures to reference the address of the main memory location of the data it wants to access. Therefore, a proper organisation is needed to find the appropriate location, a concept known as mapping. This concept must be implemented in the hardware components to facilitate improvements in the operating system. Three methods are commonly used: Direct mapping Similar to a table having many rows but with three columns, direct mapping assigns each block of data to a specific cache location. Fully associative mapping Unlike direct mapping where a block mapping is based on pre-defined cache locations, this method allows a block of data to be mapped to any given cache location. Set Associative mapping Commonly seen as a compromise between the previous two, this method allows a block to be mapped in a subset of cache locations. Discussion Cache Performance To outline a caches performance, several terms must be defined as their operations determine the functionality of the said system. One, we have the cache hit which is the actual data found in the cache itself. Secondly, we have cache miss which is any data other than that found in the cache memory. Moreover, when a processor loads any data from a given memory into the cache, a delay is exhibited i.e. the miss penalty. Now, a general approach to quantifying a caches performance is to calculate its access time, where this value is given as: Access time = Hit cost + Miss rate*Miss penalty Furthermore, since the initial definition of cache memory saw it as a component that bridges the speed between fast and slow memory locations, this estimation can translate into: Access time = Fast memory access time + miss rate*slow memory access time (UMD, 2001). During the design of cache memory a lot of emphases is placed on fast control as well as reducing the size of miss rate, this because the speed of the main memory is always expected to improve with time (i.e. with time and more operations the speed increases). Moreover, the miss rate, an important component of cache design can be classified into three major categories; conflict miss, capacity miss and compulsory miss. Compulsory misses are a mandatory requirement of cache memory as they occur when a new program/data is loaded into the cache for the first time. Capacity misses, on the other hand, occur when the size of the cache is less as compared to the size of the data regardless of the organisation or mapping used. Finally, conflict misses usually occur when the hashing functions (operation mechanisms) operate at a fast rate missing some data. From this definition, it pretty obvious to note the misses that can be easily eradicated thus improving the systems performance i.e. confli ct misses. This objective is achieved using proper hashing functions that match the system design catering for both the fast and slow memory locations (Silvano, 2014). Application of cache memory to achieve its overall goal In general, the overall objective of the cache memory is to improve a computers performance and having established how its performance is gauged its important to highlight how it actually achieves its goal. For a cache memory to improve a computers performance, it has two general objectives: To provide the user with an illusion of using a very large memory that is simultaneously very fast. Remember, a user will use a 1 terabyte hard disk at a very high speed, however, the actual memory location does not achieve these speeds on its own. To meet the first objective, it provides data to the processors at very high speeds which facilitate a faster frequency of operations. Now, these objectives are again achieved using the principle of locality of references where the cache continuously refers to used memory locations or data. Two variations of the principle exist; temporary locality where data and even instructions are used in loops if the reference to the memory element exists. Secondly, the spatial locality where a close address is used to refer to the actual memory location or element (Silvano, 2014). Future trends In the past several cache memory variations have existed, for instance in some inexpensive computers, the level 3 cache is eliminated and incorporated into other systems. However recent trends have seen a new solution being adopted, a solution that is set to be the future of cache memories. In essence, all the three levels of cache memory are being implemented in the processors which improve the performance. Therefore, in the future users will stop choosing computers based on the motherboard and bus architecture and instead focus on processors having the right cache integration (Rouse, 2017). Conclusion Cache memory is an integral part of a computer and without it, the speed gaps between the processors would be so high which would translate into poor performance. A processor is very fast, transferring and loading data at high speeds, however, the main memory is slow at meeting the same functions but an upside to it is that it has a large memory capacity. The cache acts as a liaison between the two enabling the end user to capitalise on the functionalities and benefits of the two components. References Dandamudi. S. (2003). Fundamentals of computer organization and design. Springer. Retrieved 28 March, 2017, from: https://service.scs.carleton.ca/sivarama/org_book/org_book_web/slides/chap_1_versions/ch17_1.pdf Nicolast. (2011). Main memory. Introduction to computer science course. Retrieved 28 March, 2017, from: https://www2.cs.ucy.ac.cy/~nicolast/courses/lectures/MainMemory.pdf Rouse. M. (2017). Cache memory. Tech target. Retrieved 28 March, 2017, from: https://searchstorage.techtarget.com/definition/cache-memory Silvano. C. (2014). Introduction to cache memories. Advanced computer architecture. Retrieved 28 March, 2017, from: https://home.deib.polimi.it/silvano/FilePDF/ARC-MULTIMEDIA/Lesson_8A_New_Cache_ENGLISH_V4_COMO.pdf UMD. (2011). Introduction to cache memory. Retrieved 28 March, 2017, from: https://www.cs.umd.edu/class/fall2001/cmsc411/proj01/cache/cache.pdf

Essay Sample

Essay SampleA Yale student can use an essay sample to get an idea of the standard required length for an essay. Essay samples are prepared by a professional essay writer. They are often made available online to give you an idea of what the full sample will look like.You will also find that an essay sample contains different types of examples of essays and essay writing styles. Some of these are examples of formal essay style, formal style essays, academic style essays, contemporary style essays, and essay tips. The degree to which an essay uses more than one style will determine the length of the essay. It is possible to write an essay of 500 words with one style and a two thousand word essay with another style.When you use this guide, you will learn the main writing formats and will come to know how to take a thorough examination of your essay before submission. The aim of the guide is to prepare you to be able to write an essay that has professional qualities. You may well find tha t your essay will need professional attention, so the writer will help you through the process of becoming familiar with the structure of a professional essay.A personal note about the Oxford University or the Yale School of Management is appropriate to include in the essay sample: 'The Oxford University is an institution of higher learning dedicated to excellence in teaching and research. It was founded in 1255, the year when Oxford made its first entry into European exploration, and remains committed to study, teaching, and research.'One of the most important parts of your essay is the introduction. A Harvard article is a basic example of an introduction: 'This article examines some of the events that surround the discovery of fossils. It also describes the range of problems associated with the study of fossils.This essay also describes some personal experiences of the author. It is an example of the subject of essay writing. The introduction is not a complete essay, but it provid es a sort of introduction that gives the reader a sense of the type of essay that the writer will be offering to them.Once your essay is submitted, your editing should be used to check that the material is clear and that the article flow is correct. In addition, you will have to decide whether your essay is good enough for publication.You will need a professional essay editor who can help you put your thoughts into order. Then the editor will use his or her professional judgment to evaluate the information to be presented and to decide whether it is sufficiently informative and convincing to publish your paper.

Ode To Nightingale By Keats Essays - Ode To A Nightingale

Ode To Nightingale By Keats In Ode to a Nightingale, John Keats, the author and narrator, used descript terminology to express the deep-rooted pain he was suffering during his battle with tuberculosis. This poem has eight paragraphs or verses of ten lines each and doesn't follow any specific rhyme scheme. In the first paragraph, Keats gave away the mood of the whole poem with his metaphors for his emotional and physical sufferings, for example: My heart aches, and drowsy numbness pains My sense (1-2) Keats then went on to explain to the reader that he was speaking to the "light-winged Dryad" in the poem. This bird symbolizes a Nightingale that to many, depicts the happiness and vibrance of life with the way it seems to gracefully hover over brightly colored flowers to get nectar but, to Keats death, because his was becoming. "Shadows numberless" at the end of the paragraph signifies the angel of death and spirits that had surrounded Keats. Keats vividly and beautifully described wine: ... for a beaker full of the warm South... With beaded bubbles winking at the brim, And purple stained mouth; That I might drink, and leave the he used to bury his fears and emotions about death. In verse three, Keats expressed that most people enjoy a full life and die old, when he pens: Here, men sit and hear each other groan; ...last gray hairs, Where youth grows pale, and spectre-thin, and dies... (24-26) He felt that youth was a time in one's life to enjoy. According to him, being rich, popular, beautiful, funny and smart didn't matter because the angel of death was blind. Keats was afraid of death because of the loved one's he had to leave behind. He expresses that with the phrase: And with thee fade away into the forest dim (20) Keats explained that he had wanted to wander off into the forest so no one would've had to be bothered by him. In paragraph four, Keats had spoken to the Nightingale and told it to go off and leave him alone because he already had known that death was coming and didn't want to be reminded of his sad fate. Keats went on to say: I cannot see what flowers are at my feet, Nor what soft incense hangs upon the boughs, But, in embalmed darkness... (41-43) This meant he didn't know what was about to happen, only that he was going to die. He then illustrated all the creatures and things that would live long past him; The grass, the thicket, and the fruit-tree wild... (45) In paragraph six, Keats had listened to the "Darkling" or Nightingale singing and this had reminded him of how at one time in his life he questioned death and was even infatuated by it because death was an unknown universe when he composed: ...for many a time I have been half in love with easeful Death, Call'd him soft names... (51-53) But quickly after he had recalled that memory he stated: Still wouldst thou sing, and I have ears in vain- To thy high requiem become a sod. (59-60) Here he was saying how the "Darkling" sounded beautiful when it sang but that was just a mask for the fate that it was taking him to; death. Thou was not born for death, immortal Bird! (61) The immortal Nightingale wasn't put on this earth to bring people to their deaths, according to Keats. Over generations, the bird has warned "emperors and clowns" that death can not be cheated. ...the fancy cannot cheat so well As she is fam'd to do... (73-74) Here he had stated that the rich could not buy their way out of death because that was all the Nightingale had come to do. The song of the Nightingale had faded and Keats composed, ...thy plaintive anthem fades... ...and now ?tis buried deep (75 & 77) and he didn't know if it was real or if he had dreamed the whole thing. Keats wasn't sure if he was still alive or had died. ?Do I wake or sleep? (80)

Salem Possessed essays

Salem Possessed essays In the past, the word Salem has always been somewhat synonymous with the infamous witch trials. Rather than overlook the ordinary people living in the towns in which Paul Boyer and Stephen Nissenbaum write, they instead take the instance of the witch trials of 1692 and springboard from them into a detailed inquisition into the entire history of the small village of Salem. In their own words, Boyer and Nissenbaum have exploited the focal events of 1692 somewhat as a stranger might make use of a lightning flash in the night. That is to say, the authors strive to show how the witch trials were not simply a completely spontaneous event, but rather a long, horrible process by which individuals were singled out, tried, and executed in order to vent emotions of hostility towards change. Boyer and Nissenbaum proposed that one difference between the accusers and the accused was a difference of economic status. The way in which the authors go about this, however, is in a somewhat difficult to comprehend style that goes back and forth between the years, forcing one to rethink all the facts thus far each time a new chapter is introduced. In addition, the authors tend to focus mostly on the social and economic aspects of witchcraft, with little to nothing as far as further explanation of the actions of the women accused. In the year 1692, the small farming village of Salem, Massachusetts saw a social phenomenon that would propel the village into the history books: the calamity that was witchcraft. The witch trials were initiated whenever three young girls, Betty Parris, Abigail Williams, and Ann Putnam were caught performing fortune telling rituals in the woods, trying to gather information on what type of man would be best for them. Soon thereafter, the girls began experiencing hysterical fits, prompting Betty Parriss father, Reverend Samuel Parris, to call in the authorities to confirm the cause of the girls symptoms. The authoriti...

Asian American women before 1950 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Asian American women before 1950 - Essay Example Prior to this the community endured a century of hardships that mitigated their integration into mainstream American socio-culture. If racial prejudice was a sizeable challenge on its own, the issues were compounded for womenfolk. The rest of this essay is an overview of the Asian American experience prior to 1950. Sociological theories on ‘gender’ and ‘intersectionality’ were perused as were classic literary works and essays pertaining to the subject. It is instructive to look at theoretical perspectives that make lucid the Asian American women’s experience before 1950. During much of the evolution of sociology, studying history and society through the axis of gender was not common practice. Race, ethnicity, age, class and nation were the common definitive parameters for groups that were studied. Understanding socio-history from the perspective of gender was mainly an offshoot of feminist movements of mid-twentieth century. The second wave feminist m ovement was especially instrumental in introducing this approach. The relational identities of women of 19th century as either someone’s daughter, husband or mother is fully applicable to Asian American women. ... .the goal is to discover the range in sex roles and in sexual symbolism in different societies and periods, to find out what meaning they had and how they functioned to maintain the social order or to promote its change†. (Scott, 1986) Seen in the backdrop of this theoretical framework, it is fair to claim that Asian American women had a decidedly more arduous century prior to 1950 than their male counterparts. This is evident in the literary works of the time, especially that of Jade Snow Wong’s ‘Fifth Chinese Daughter’. The short novel is filled with real life events of the author as she lived through the transition from a native Chinese culture steeped in tradition and the more liberal outlook afforded in America. The book shows the patriarchal familial set up among the Chinese and how this can be a hindrance for immigrant women looking to avail of opportunities for personal and professional growth in the New World. ‘Intersectionality’ is ano ther useful theoretical basis for studying Asian American women’s experience, for it brings the core problems from different domains to the analysis. It helps the studied group to â€Å"invent and inhabit identities that register the effects of differentiated and uneven power, permitting them to envision and enact new social relations grounded in multiple axes of intersecting, situated knowledge.† (Chun, Lipsitz, and Shin, 2013) The theory is seen in action in Jew Law Ying’s ‘Coaching Book’ - a touching historical document that brings out the extent of Asian American women’s struggle for citizenship in the USA. The work is a translation of the ‘coaching book’ which the author’s father sent to her mother prior to the latter’s long voyage to America. The book

A paper about change management and organizational leadership- Case Study

A paper about change management and organizational leadership- situation and how to deal with it using a style of leadership- collegue sample included - Case Study Example Good leaders are those who can dexterously handle the paradoxes associated with the organization, and steer the organization to heights unimaginable. However, many managers always attest to the fact that handling changes can sometimes be challenging. Research show that it is the methods employed in handling implementation that sometimes are not suitable for the prevailing circumstances in a particular organization, and thus the imminent failure witnessed in such situations. Consider a case in an organization, say ABC, in which the management wants to give an overhaul to the current humanistic values. As is the case with humans, change is never something that they are ready to welcome. This necessitates the need for a better approach that will not stir rebellion from the employee. Nickols (2010) for instance, presents an analysis of four strategies that are vital to managing change in any organization. He centers his argument on a number of aspects regarding the nature of change. These aspects include the extent of the change i.e. more radical and transformative changes require a strategy that is environmentally adaptive, and which might fail when dealing with a less radical change. The other aspect is the stakes that the change has, for instance, a change with high stakes requires the application of almost all the four strategies, while moderate stakes are totally against an approach such as the power-coercive strategy. The degree of resistance the cha nge is bound to encounter is another aspect, strong resistance favors the use of power-coercive and/or environmental-adaptive strategy while a weak resistance is more receptive to either or a combination of rational-empirical strategy and normative-re-educative strategy. Another aspect of great importance is the period within which execution of the change is to take place. Here, he notes that Short time changes require power-coercive strategy to execute, while long-term changes thrive well

The Byzantine Empire Essay Example for Free

The Byzantine Empire Essay When the western Roman Empire descended into chaos in 500 C.E. much of the Roman culture on the west side was lost, while the Eastern empire survived and preserved much of the surviving Roman Culture, but changed it’s name to the â€Å"Byzantine Empire,† showing individuality in many aspects between Rome and Byzantine. The Byzantine Empire was the surviving reminisces of the Roman Empire, which flourished into the oldest and longest lasting empire in our history. It began with the emperor Constantine who based much of the Byzantine Empire social structure of Rome. For example, the romans had two distinct classes, the Patricians and the Plebeians, the poor and the elite. The Byzantines had the poors and the Vassals. Although there was a severe gap between the social classes, the Byzantines had something called a Pepacy or the office of the people. â€Å"The laws of every people governed by statutes and customs are partly peculiar to itself, partly common to all mankind†¦..† This shows that although it continued on the Greek style of democracy, it incorporated its own laws and writings in it (Document 1 and Document 4) When the Western Roman Empire crumbled down, many people don’t know the extent of the damage the Western Empire endured. â€Å"And having a mind set upon evil, they took in hand unlawful deeds, thinking to suppress altogether the depicting of the venerable images.† This displays the chaos and anarchy roaming in Western Rome. And when the Byzantine Empire came about, it was the nail in the coffin, marking the decline of the Roman Empire (Document 3) Originally Roman religion worshipped the emperor as a god, a single deity, however that all changed when Constantine came into power. He quickly established the Byzantine capital as Constantinople, and made Christianity as the national religion. This marked the start of Christian ascendancy, which quickly globalized Western Europe. â€Å"We should be the slaves, not the sons of such as Church, and the Roman See would not be the pious mother of sons but a hard and imperious mistress of slaves.† The following quote depicts many citizens against and the Christian way of life, which eventually switched over to Islam and Constantinople was renamed to modern day â€Å"Istanbul.† (Document 2 and Document 5) If given a bonus document it would explain how people lived day in and day out living in the Byzantine Empire. Because it will explain how much of their daily lives are parallel to that of the ancient Romans.

Female Depression among Group Home Residents Essay -- Social Psycholog

A greater insight into female depression could lead to improvements in group home settings. Specifically with a focus on youth (ages 12-17), the relationship between experience in the justice system will be gathered and interpreted with emotions and symptoms of depression. Critically exploration of the relationship between females who experience symptoms of depression and the justice system using respondents who reside in group homes will lead to a greater understanding of the causes and services that could be made available. Defining Concepts For the purposes of this study depression is â€Å"based on a predicted probability of a person experiencing a major depressive episode (Mitura & Bollman, 2004).†Questions which address â€Å"feelings of sadness, depression, losing interest in most things, feeling tired/low energy, trouble concentrating and trouble falling asleep over the previous 12 months† would be effective for gathering data specific to this study (Mitura & Bollman, 2004). Youth will be defined as participants between the ages of 12 and 17. Experience in the justice system is expanded to include personal encounters in both the capacity of a victim and offender. Group homes are â€Å"community - based homes for young people who are in need of group care (McMann Youth, Family and Community Services Association, 2009)†. Group homes in this study are characterized by the structured, planned and supervised nature of the programs within the home and based upon the assessed needs of the individual ( Ibid) Disciplines The disciplines related to the research being conducted include the fields of psychology and medicine. Psychology covers the aspects of the mind and behaviour of those suffering from depression. The medical field in also di... ...f replicated, similar results would surface (Berg, 2009). This research project will uncover opinions and experiences through interviews and potentially focus groups. Conclusion Females living in a group home setting lack research into depression related to the criminal justice system. Although the subject matter may evoke a great deal of personal hardships, the results would lead to a better understanding of the negative effects of our justice system on girls that do not have continuous parental support. The group home setting provides challenges with obtaining subjects, although with access to this vulnerable population, depression rates could be decreased. The experiences and emotions that come out of this study will provide a glimpse into to complex life of depressed Calgary girls living in group care and hopefully bring positive change to their lives.

Ra One- the Extra-Ordinary Sales Promotion by Srk

RA ONE- The extra-ordinary sales promotion by SRK I've often heard people say, film-making is nothing short of a gamble. And as any gambler will tell you, you've got to gamble huge to triumph huge. Going by this logic, Shah Rukh Khan is The Supreme Gambler of the year. What's at stake, beside the big money invested in RA. ONE of course, is a dream, a vision, an aspiration to make a film which appeals to kids and kids at heart. In short, attempt a film that appeals to the universal audience. At the same time, it ought to raise the bar for Hindi films. Also at stake is SRK's once-unchallenged supremacy as the reigning idol of Bollywood and that elusive thing called reputation. When you invest your repute in your dream project and stick your neck out, you expect nothing short of a mega-success. â€Å"I had a very clear of how we’ll market it. The first clarity was that we won’t have too many images of the film. I didn’t want it to be cluttered. I didn’t want it to be a hero and a heroine and their son. This is a superhero film and we had to introduce that. Whether people like it or not, my marketing thought is if you keep something in front of people for too long, they get used to it. So there was this big fear — when my costume comes out and me with blue eyes, will it be liked? Small considerations like this which you don’t think about while making the film, but when it comes out, people say, â€Å"you know what, your dadhee (beard) isn†t working at all†. SRK The daily promotional strategy of the media savvy Shah Rukh Khan seems to be working when it comes to publicizing his film ‘Ra. One’. He has pushed the film in every way possible – through multiple co-branding deals, in-film plans, promotional tie ups, marketing strategies, gaming and merchandising and much more. The ‘Ra. One’ous appetite of King Khan seems to be insatiable and everyone is being a part of it, whether they understand it or not. The film is thus ending up as the most promoted film till date â€Å"SRK’s strategy is similar to several Hollywood biggies where promotions start several months before release. Typically, big star cast movies and mega-budget releases such as Bodyguard, Singham etc start their marketing around eight weeks before release. But SRK has taken marketing to a whole new level for a Bollywood movie,† says Pritie Jadhav, chief operating officer, P9 Integrated – a division of Percept. The makers of Ra. One are on a marketing blitzkrieg Eros International and Shah Rukh Khan’s Red Chillies Entertainment have brand tie-ups for Ra. One to the tune of Rs. 52 crore of which Rs 12-15 crore has been earmarked for online promotion, an advertising executive involved with the promotion of the movie said on condition of anonymity. Brand tie-ups that the marketing spends of the film have been considerably subsidised. Some of the brands with whom tie-ups have been effected are Sony PlayStation, YouTube, Nerolac, McDonald’s, Western Union Money Transfer, UTV Indiagames, Videocon, Nokia, Coke, ESPN Star Sports and Cinthol. Eros and Red Chillies have recovered part of their huge investment in the film through in-film branding, media endorsements, pre-licensing of cable TV and satellite rights, music and other rights Promotion of the film officially began as early as December 2010 when the first poster was published in all leading news papers across the country. The film's first look was later unveiled by Khan on his Twitter page on January 1, 2011. Several months later, director Anubhav Sinha announced that he would be launching two teaser trailers of the film during the 2011 Cricket World Cup, a prior nine months before the film's actual release date. Ra. One is not a Bollywood film that [the audiences] have seen before. The kind of size and magnitude that the film has requires it to be slowly introduced to the audience and that is the very purpose why we are starting the whole communication so early. â€Å"says Anubhav Sinha The film's first theatrical trailer was released three months later to the p ublic. As a way to promote the theatrical trailer, Khan was accompanied by the director on a five city tour, which included such places like Delhi, Chandigarh, Indore and Ahmedabad. During the same event, a 3600  ft long fan mail collecting audience wishes and messages for the film was also launched. Strategies which have caught the imagination of a population of over a billion Indians * Online Promotions: Approx INR 52crore is the estimated total budget shelled out for Ra. One’s marketing, in which INR 15 crore is for online promotions. Usually Bollywood film promotions only starts eight weeks before release but SRK took it in the Hollywood way, from January of this year with his first appearance in Twitter. Later it was the Facebook Fan page that started off its promotion from March SRK and Google – YouTube announced a partnership deal on mutual benefits basis. An exclusive video was created by Red Chillies (Khan’s production company) and was integrated into the YouTube Channel (Ra. One Youtube Channel). The company launched the official customized Ra. One channel of the film on YouTube(a first for an Indian film) where several song and theatrical promos were released to the public, along with videos of the film's making, events and uncut footage. The channel also hosts games, including the first social game from India, and contests where participants can create promos from clips, music and dialogues of the film. * Merchandise: As a way to promote the film and increase its franchising business, Shahrukh Khan tied up with Seventymm to market a variety of merchandises related to the film. Products included original G. One tee shirts, coffee mugs, wrist bands, watches, mobile pouches, video cameras, as well as many other things. Similar products were also available for purchase on the official G. One online store, which was launched alongside the film's official website. [90% of the 400. 000 stationery items and toys were sold in 15 days and 100. 000 more have been ordered. The makers spent 1. 5 crore on the mold for the G. One action figure. In addition to this, a jewelery line inspired by the symbol of â€Å"Ra. One†,as well as a series of HCL laptops with customized integrated Ra. One skin[59]were also made available to the public. These products are designed in-house by Red Chillies, and have been manufactured in China. By October, 50 products will be sold in more than 3,500 stores and e-commerce sites. Comics: Red Chillies Entertainment collaborated with UTV Indiagames to develop digital comics based on the film's characters. Written by Khan, the comic featured weekly episodes and served as a prequel to the events happening in the movie * Video games: RA. ONE continues to surprise the Indian audience with new innovations on a continued basis. Red Chillies Entertai nment had declared a tie-up with Sony Computer Entertainment Europe (SCEE) to build a full cycle game on PlayStation platform. The video game version of the movie will be called ‘RA. ONE–The Game‘ and will be available on PS2 and PS3 (through PSN download). This is a newer direction for Bollywood to create a win-win strategy of both promoting the film as well as create a brand extension strategy for RA. ONE. The film, with its super hero touches, is appropriate to seamlessly use the PlayStation platform and connect with the In youth. * Print adds and billboards: Print ads have been booked in all leading publications while 1,700 billboards will show the superstar in his superhero gear. This by far the largest collaboration in terms of in terms of billboards for any movie . Somthing or the other we read about the movie everday . * â€Å"Bharat Bhraman† Tour: Shahrukh Khan is places for Ra. One. The King Khan has started his bharat bhraman and caught with his fans from Kolkata to Delhi. Shahrukh covered cities like Vadodara, Gujarat; earlier he was in Chennai for ‘Ra. One’ audio launch in Tamil; and he was in the cities Bangalore , Jaipur and Bhopal Vadodara. SRK did a 36-city tour, which will include several foreign destinations, and one of the highlights of these events will be a 3,600-feet-long fan mail collecting audience wishes and messages. Mobile Engagements and application: iPhone / iPad app for the fans, in collaboration with UTV’s Indiagames. To talk about the app – Ra. One is an arcade first-person shooter game where you can play as G. One to shoot bad guys down with their team leader Ra. One. The game comprises of three terrains – Trainyard, London Bridge and Wasteland with a total of 89 levels (called Waves in the game), starting with Wave 1 and unlocking as you complete each level. Movie themes ,songs , games , wallpapers all of which form a part of mobile engagments are easily accessible over the net * Television promotions: Appearances in three major shows (Just Dance , SA RE GA MA PA Lil Champs. Indias Got Talent)in 3 entertainment channels to participating in ‘kaun bangea corerpati’. Interviews and teasers are a constasnt attraction nowdays for the viewers . Televison promotion is playing a big role in promoting the film * Selling movie rights: Even before its release, Ra. One managed to earn a revenue of Rs132 crore simply by giving away the rights of the movie. The brand equity of film star Shahrukh Khan is unparalleled and his presence in the movie gives a huge boost to distributors and companies to get associated with the brand. Star India got the rights for Ra. One at around Rs40 crore. Apart from this, the music rights were bought for Rs15 crore by T-Series. The producers got a whopping Rs77 crore from Eros Entertainment to own the distribution rights of the movie * Release and Premiere: The movie would be released at over 3000 screens in India and over 1000 screens overseas. Apart from this, premieres at international destinations like Dubai, Toronto and London, which have a high popularity for Indian films are on cards. Due to various new marketing strategies adopted by the producers of the movie, Ra. One managed to generate a lot of positive word of mouth. If not for its success, this movie would definitely prove to be a landmark in the Indian film industry for its advertising and marketing strategies. Will promotional overdrive harm ‘RA. One'? They need to remain prepared to face the severe criticism if they fail to live up to the expectation by even a bit, and it will be difficult to match the hype because they have unveiled almost everything about ‘RA. One'. Audience expectations build up with such a high intensity campaign and the risk is that even a small disconnect can boomerang. That’s not the climax the producers would look forward to. The expections are have increased so much that if the film does not fair according to the standards set by the movie then the audience will feel cheated . Nevertheless the first reactions have come in from the trade analyst and they are optimistic about the film. â€Å"Wow! Brilliant! Mesmerising! Leaves u dumbfounded! Blockbuster! Indian cinema bar raisd! Saw portions of RA. . SRK surpasses himself. †- komal Nahata Watched more than an hour of #RaOne. Left me amazed. Technological breakthrough. At par with intl films. A superhero film that’s super! † – Taran Adarsh These reaction about the movie is only going to create a good word of mouth about the film and this will lead to audience booking there tickets Conclusion All said and done u like the promotions or not but u simply cant ignore the movie. Shahrukh Khan along with his team has made us think about the differentiated strategy implemented across the country . The strategy is here to stay . It has layed down a path that will make other filmmakers to think . As far as the box office collection goes it’s a sure short blockbuster. References * Saxena, Manjari (2011-10-24). â€Å"Ra. One: Shah Rukh Khan has another winner†. Gulf News. Retrieved 2011-10-24. * â€Å"SRK concentrates on Ra. One†. Filmfare. 2010-05-06. Retrieved 2010-08-22. * Press Trust of India (2011-10-21). â€Å"SRK turns salesman to sell ‘RA. One' merchandise†. CNN-IBN. Global Broadcast News. Retrieved 2011-10-21. * Ra. One: Exclusive & Authentic Movie Merchandise†. Seventymm. Retrieved 2011-10-20. * Adarsh, Taran (2011-10-21). â€Å"SRK, Eros take ‘Ra. One' to next level†. Bollywood Hungama. Retrieved 2011-10-21. * Bhat, Varada (2011-09-19). â€Å"Bollywoods longest promotion†. Business Standard. Retrieved 2011-09-19. * â€Å"Shah Rukh meets fans on Google Plus Hangout for RA. One chat†. CNN-IBN. Global Broadcast News. Retrieved 2011-10-20. * Shinde, Shivani (2011-08-30). â€Å"India's first social game for Ra. One†. Business Standard. Retrieved 2011-08-29. * Baksi, Dibyojyoti (2011-10-14). â€Å"SRK's discovery speaks up about RA. One†. Hindustan Times. Retrieved 2011-10-15. * Jamkhandikar, Shilpa (2011-10-13). â€Å"A Minute With: Shah Rukh Khan†. Reuters. Retrieved 2011-10-13. * RA. One's rampage. Prannoy Roy Publications. 2011-10-14. Retrieved 2011-10-20. * Joshi, Tushar (2011-10-18). â€Å"RA. One gets an addition†. The Times of India. Retrieved 2011-10-18 * NDTV Correspondent (2011-10-13). â€Å"I am SRK†. NDTV. Prannoy Roy Publications. Retrieved 2011-10-13. * Press Trust of India (2011-10-14). â€Å"Ra. One gets Rs 52-cr promotional push†. CNN-IBN. Global Broadcast News. Retrieved 2011-10-14.